Representation

representation of:
age
gender (masculinity)
social class
ethnicity
region
nation
religion
issues
events


Section A 1b

4 factors:

character

collective background

audience reaction- links into Hall (Theorist) preferred/negotiation/opposition

where + when

BARTHES

What micro elements have I used? (how to represent someone) e.g. camera shots like low angle to make someone look tall/powerful 

The link between micro elements and Barthes is semiotics (signs)

BATHES- link into representations- Mythologies/ enigma/ semiotics 

BULTER- said gender roles are created by society

RICHARD DYER said- how we are seen determines how we are treated, how we treat others is how we see them, how we see them comes from representation. 

WALTER LIPPMAN- agrees that stereotyping is a useful narrative device for the media. Short cut- it is easy to determine who they are although this stereotyping can be damaging. 

MULVEY  - discovered male gaze theory- this is when we see a woman on camera the man is more powerful and the woman is submissive. They use this for male pleasure and the woman is objectified. 

she looked at IDENTIFICATION (this can be from POV or camera angle)

SCOPOPHILIA- pleasure from watching (e.g. watching someone die in a horror film)

The SPECTATOR GAZE- updating to a wider audience or demographic

SCHOLLHAMMER- gender roles (uses Mr.Men characters) Little miss Busy- cleans house

Mr. busy- Builds own house and works 10x faster

Adds 'little' in front of the miss to make all women small

GAUNTLETT- wanted to explain self identity- using lego. Wanted to see how we fit under the roles society gives us.

quote- "media shows us situations and relationships from other peoples P.O.V."

What we learned from Gauntlett...

What did we learn about reality and changing attitudes?

Other peoples expectations get in the way of choices

Self identity is created by us not the media, although they contribute to it